Geared towards photographers who want a lighter and more compact alternative to an SLR, interchangeable lens cameras (ILCs) come in many different sizes and prices to suit all budgets. What differentiates these cameras from SLRs is that they do not have a mirror and pentaprism arrangement. Removing this makes the camera smaller and lighter than an SLR. ILCs have the same sorts of manual controls as SLRs, as well as many advantages, such as having fast continuous shooting speeds and performance, particularly in the higher-end models. The big advantage of an ILC is that you can change lenses as you please.
Each manufacturer calls their ILC range something different. Panasonic terms it its G series, Olympus has Pen and OM-D, Nikon calls its cameras Nikon 1, Sony has NEX, Samsung is NX (rather confusingly close to NEX from Sony), Fuji puts some cameras under the X-series banner and Pentax calls them Q and K, while Canon's first camera is the EOS M.
Most compact cameras have a reasonably small image sensor. This means that they are not able to gather as much light as a digital SLR, and image quality is generally not at all comparable to an SLR. On the other hand, ILCs have the advantage of a much larger sensor, which is beneficial in many applications, including low-light photography. Some ILCs, such as those from Samsung and Sony, have the same-sized sensor as an equivalent SLR (APS-C). Others, such as Panasonic and Olympus, use a Micro Four Thirds sensor.
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